4 : Smoothing or spreading devices

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Article 75

French General Tax CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

The income from ancillary activities falling within the category of industrial and commercial profits and that of non-commercial profits earned by a farmer subject to an actual taxation system may be taken into account in determining agricultural profits when, in respect of the three calendar years preceding the date on which the financial year begins, the annual average of ancillary commercial and non-commercial income for these three years does not exceed either 50% of the annual average of income from agricultural activity in respect of the said years, or €100,000.

Income from the activities mentioned in the first paragraph may not give rise to the deduction for precautionary savings provided for in article 73, nor benefit from the allowances provided for in article 73 B and the averaging scheme provided for in article 75-0 A. Losses arising from the exercise of the said activities may not be set off against the overall income referred to in I of Article 156.

By way of derogation from the provisions of the first paragraph, for the first three years of activity, the income from ancillary activities falling into the category of industrial and commercial profits and that of non-commercial profits earned by a farmer subject to an actual taxation system may be taken into account to determine agricultural profits when, for the calendar year preceding the date on which the financial year begins, ancillary commercial and non-commercial income does not exceed either 50% of agricultural income or €100,000. These amounts are calculated including reimbursements of expenses and taxes. This provision may not be applied concurrently in respect of the same financial year with the provisions of articles 50-0 et 102 ter.

Revenue generated by companies and groupings not subject to corporation tax of which the farmer is a member is not taken into account when assessing the thresholds mentioned in the first and third paragraphs (1).

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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