Subsection 4: Categories of incidents, terms and conditions for reporting significant or serious information systems security incidents

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Article D1111-16-2

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I.-The reporting of serious information system security incidents as provided for in Article L. 1111-8-2 is intended to :

1° Provide the competent State authorities with the information they need to decide on preventive measures in terms of information system security or to ensure the continuity of healthcare provision ;

2° Helping health establishments, organisations and services involved in preventive, diagnostic or care activities to take any useful measures to prevent the occurrence of significant or serious information system security incidents or to limit their effects.

II -Significant or serious information system security incidents are considered to be events which generate an exceptional situation within an establishment, organisation or service, and in particular :

-incidents with potential or proven consequences for the safety of healthcare ;

incidents with consequences for the confidentiality or integrity of health data; - incidents affecting the normal operation of a facility, organisation or service

-incidents affecting the normal operation of the establishment, organisation or service;

-incidents with a potential or proven impact on the departmental, regional or national organisation of the healthcare system;

-incidents likely to affect other establishments, organisations or services.

III -Serious information system security incidents are deemed to be significant if they have a potential or proven impact on the departmental, regional or national organisation of the healthcare system and if they are likely to affect other institutions, organisations or services.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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