Section 4: Artificial baths

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Article D1332-49

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

Artificial bathing in a closed system meets the following requirements:

1° The entire volume of the bathing area must be renewed in less than 12 hours, during the period when it is open to the public. This renewal is ensured by a continuous supply of new and recycled water. Artificial bathing areas are equipped with a system for measuring the volume and estimating the flow rate of the various supplies of new and recycled water;

2° The water conditions in bathing areas are designed to avoid any stagnation zones that would make the quality of the water non-uniform;

3° The layer of surface water that is continuously removed or recycled represents 50% of the recycled water flow;

4° The beaches adjacent to the artificial bathing area are designed to avoid water stagnation and run-off water from the latter is evacuated without flowing into the basins;

5° The bathing area is designed so that it can be emptied and cleaned as necessary;

6° Access to the bathing area and surrounding beaches is forbidden to domestic animals and measures or arrangements are implemented to limit access to wild animals;

7° The value of the fresh water supply is defined so as to comply with the quality limits mentioned in article D. 1332-47;

8° Biofilm and algae growing on the edges and in the artificial bathing area are removed mechanically as necessary;

9° The maximum instantaneous number of bathers in the bathing area is defined so as to guarantee a minimum volume of water accessible for bathing of 10 cubic metres per bather;

10° The maximum daily number of bathers meets the conditions set by order of the Ministry of Health;

11° Recycled water is treated in such a way as to ensure water quality control and bathers' health safety;

12° The treatment area and treatment facilities are physically separate from the bathing area;

13° The use and presence of dyes is prohibited in the bathing area in the presence of bathers;

14° The use of algaecides or any chemical product introduced directly into the bathing area, even in the absence of bathers, is prohibited;

15° The water in the artificial bathing area must not be disinfected.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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