Paragraph 1: Provisions common to the various enforcement courts

Articles in this section · 21

Article D49-18

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

The judgement is handed down in chambers.

If the judgement is handed down immediately, a copy of the judgement is given to the convicted person and, where applicable, to his lawyer, against a signature in the proceedings file except in cases where the copy of the judgement is not immediately available.

If the decision has been taken under advisement, the judgment is notified to the convicted person in custody by the head of the prison, who gives him or her a copy of the judgment against a signature; if the convicted person is not in custody, a copy of the judgment is sent to him or her by registered letter; a copy of the judgement is also sent by registered letter or fax to the convicted person's lawyer; in the case of a judgement revoking or withdrawing a measure, the copy of the judgement sent to the convicted person who is not a prisoner is sent by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt. The provisions of this paragraph shall also apply where the copy of the judgment handed down in the circumstances provided for in the second paragraph is not immediately available.

As soon as it is handed down, the judgment shall be notified to the public prosecutor. A copy is sent to the director of the prison integration and probation service and, where the sentenced person is incarcerated, to the head of the prison.

Where audiovisual means of communication are used, the operative part of the judgment is read out to the sentenced person by the same means, and mention of this formality is made in the hearing notes. After the hearing, the sentenced person is notified of the judgment in the manner provided for in the second paragraph.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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