Chapter IV: Participation of users in the operation of the healthcare system

Articles in this section · 6

Article L1114-1

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I. - Associations that have been duly registered and are active in the field of health quality and patient care may be approved by the competent administrative authority at either regional or national level. Approval is granted with the assent of a national commission comprising representatives of the State, including a member of the administrative courts and a member of the Cour de Cassation (Court of Cassation), both active and honorary, a Member of Parliament and a Senator and their alternates, as well as persons qualified by their expertise or experience in the field of associations. In particular, approval is subject to the association's effective and public activity in defending the rights of patients and users of the healthcare system, as well as its training and information activities, the transparency of its management, its representativeness and its independence. The conditions for approval and withdrawal of approval, as well as the composition and operation of the national commission, are determined by decree in the Conseil d'Etat.

Only approved associations represent users of the healthcare system in hospital or public health bodies.

II. - The user representatives on the bodies mentioned in I undergo basic training provided by the associations of user representatives approved under the same I.

This training complies with a set of specifications. The specifications and the list of associations providing the training are approved by the Minister for Health.

The training entitles the user representative to compensation paid by the association providing the training. A decree determines the terms and conditions under which a public subsidy is allocated to the association for this purpose. An order from the Minister for Health sets the amount of this allowance.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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