CHAPTER V: External action by local and regional authorities

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Article L1115-5

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

A territorial authority or grouping of territorial authorities may not enter into an agreement with a foreign State, except in the cases provided for by law or where the agreement is intended to enable the creation of a European grouping of territorial cooperation, a Euroregional grouping of cooperation or a local grouping of cross-border cooperation. In the latter case, the signing of the agreement must be authorised in advance by the State representative in the region.

The prohibition mentioned in the first paragraph does not apply to agreements concluded for the purposes of territorial or regional cooperation and whose signature has been authorised in advance by the State representative when they fall within one of the following cases:

1° The agreement implements a previous international agreement approved by the State;

2° The purpose of the agreement is to implement a regional cooperation programme drawn up under the aegis of an international organisation and approved by France in its capacity as a member or associate member of the said organisation;

3° The agreement sets up a cross-border, regional or inter-territorial cooperation grouping other than those mentioned in the first paragraph, regardless of its name. Membership of this grouping is subject to the prior authorisation of the State representative.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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