Section 1: Administrative penalties.

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Article L1324-1 B

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

When an installation for the production or distribution of water to the public or a spa establishment is operated without the authorisation or declaration provided for in articles L. 1321-7 or L. 1322-1, the competent administrative authority gives formal notice to the person responsible for the production or distribution of water to the public or, failing this, to the owner of the installation for the production or distribution of water or the spa establishment in question to regularise its situation within a specified period, by submitting a declaration or an application for authorisation. It may, by reasoned order, suspend production or distribution until a decision has been reached on the application for authorisation.

If the person responsible for the production or distribution of water to the public or, failing this, the owner of the production or distribution installation or the spa establishment concerned does not comply with the formal notice to regularise his situation, if his application for authorisation is rejected or if the authorisation has been annulled by the administrative judge, the competent administrative authority may, if necessary, order the closure or removal of the installation or establishment in question.

The representative of the State may have a law enforcement officer affix seals to an installation for the production or distribution of water to the public or a spa establishment that is still in operation, either in breach of a suppression, closure or suspension measure taken in application of this article, or in spite of an order refusing authorisation.

Mariela Petrova

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Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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