Chapter II: Constitution and organisation of the medical reserve

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Article L3132-1

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - In order to respond to serious health disasters, emergencies or threats on national territory, a health reserve is set up to supplement, in the event of events that exceed their usual resources, those deployed as part of their missions by State services, the establishments mentioned in Title I of Book IV of Part One, local authorities, regional health agencies, health establishments and other national or international persons and organisations involved in health security. The health reserve may also supplement the usual resources of health centres and nursing homes, contracted healthcare professionals and accommodation establishments for dependent elderly people or establishments for people with disabilities when an exceptional health situation requires the supply of care to be supplemented and these structures or professionals are unable to meet their needs themselves.

II. - A contract of commitment to serve in the health reserve is signed between the reservist and the National Public Health Agency. This contract is not subject to the employer's agreement.

III. - Army health service personnel may contribute to the actions provided for in I with the agreement of the Minister for Defence and the Minister for Health. Under the same conditions, medical reservists may contribute to the medical support of the armed forces provided that this support is compatible with the missions mentioned in I and takes place outside war or conflict zones. An agreement is drawn up between the armed forces health service and the National Public Health Agency.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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