Section 1: Definitions and registration requirements

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Article L548-2

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-Participative finance intermediaries are persons who habitually act as intermediaries within the meaning of Article L. 548-1. Only legal entities may be equity financing intermediaries.

II.Participative finance intermediaries are not authorised to carry out any activities other than those mentioned in Article L. 548-1 or, where applicable, those that they are authorised to carry out in their capacity as a credit institution, finance company, payment institution, account information service provider, electronic money institution, electronic money distributor, investment firm, portfolio management company, agent of a payment service provider, participative finance service provider or intermediary in banking transactions and payment services. However, when this activity of intermediary in equity financing is carried out on an ancillary basis by a credit institution, payment or electronic money institution or a finance company, this activity may be combined with the activity of insurance intermediary. When this activity of intermediary in equity financing is carried out on an ancillary basis by a banking and payment services intermediary, it may be combined with the activity of insurance intermediary on an ancillary basis as defined inArticle L. 511-1 of the Insurance Code.

III - The Minister responsible for the economy shall set the conditions under which participative finance intermediaries may carry out, on a regular basis, an activity other than those provided for in this article, as an extension of the provision of participative finance services and excluding the sale of goods, in particular those whose financing they facilitate.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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