Subsection 1: Composition and operation of the College of Experts

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Article R1142-63-1

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

In addition to its chairman, the college of experts referred to in Article L. 1142-24-4 comprises:

1° Two doctors competent in the field of cardiology ;

2° One person with expertise in personal injury compensation;

3° A doctor proposed by the President of the Conseil national de l'ordre des médecins ;

4° One doctor proposed by associations of patients and users of the healthcare system which have been approved at national level under the conditions set out in article L. 1114-1 ;

5° A doctor proposed by the manufacturers of medicinal products containing benfluorex. Each operator may entrust the task of formulating the proposal on its behalf to its insurer;

6° A doctor proposed by the director of the office mentioned in article L. 1142-22.

The doctors mentioned in 3° to 5° are chosen from the national list of medical accident experts mentioned in article L. 1142-10 or from one of the lists instituted by article 2 of law no. 71-498 of 29 June 1971 relating to legal experts.

Three alternates for each member of the College are appointed under the same conditions as the full member. However, the alternates for one of the two doctors with expertise in cardiology may be doctors with expertise in pulmonology. Each alternate shall attend College meetings only in the absence of the full member and the other two alternates.

In the event of the death, resignation or termination for any other reason of a member of the College, he shall be replaced by one of his alternates, who shall become a full member for the remainder of his term of office. The Chairman may propose, after duly hearing the interested party, that a member who has been absent from more than three consecutive meetings for which he has not been replaced be replaced under the same conditions. A new substitute shall then be appointed in accordance with the conditions laid down in this article.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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