Chapter I: Unit-linked life assurance or capitalisation contracts.

Articles in this section · 15

Article R131-1

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-The units of account referred to in article L. 131-1 are :

1° The assets listed in 1°, 2°, 2° bis, 2° ter, 3°, 4°, 5° and 8° of article R. 332-2 ;

2° Under the conditions set out in articles R. 131-2 to R. 131-4, the units or shares referred to in 9° bis of article R. 332-2;

3° The shares referred to in 7° of article R. 332-2 and the shares of commercial companies which satisfy the conditions laid down in article 1-1 of law no. 85-695 of 11 July 1985;

4° Shares in commercial companies referred to in 6° of article R. 332-2, excluding those referred to in 3° of I of this article;

5° The shares mentioned in 7° quater of article R. 332-2 ;

6° Under the conditions set out in Articles R. 131-5 and R. 131-6, the units or shares referred to in 9° ter of Article R. 332-2;

7° Under the conditions set out in articles R. 131-5 and R. 131-6, the units or shares referred to in 9° sexies of article R. 332-2;

8° Units in company mutual funds mentioned in VII of article L. 214-164 of the Monetary and Financial Code, solely as part of company pension savings plans mentioned in article L. 224-9 of the same code;

9° Associative securities and bonds issued by foundations defined respectively in sub-sections 3 and 4 of Section 2 of Chapter III of Title I of Book II of the Monetary and Financial Code.

II - The structure of the contract's commitments complies with the following rules:

1° The outstanding commitments expressed in units of account covered by point 4 of I do not exceed 10% of the total outstanding commitments of the contract;

2° The outstanding commitments expressed in units of account under 4° and 5° of I do not exceed 30% of the contract's total outstanding commitments;

3° For contracts covered by I bis of article 990-I of the General Tax Code, the ceilings defined in 1° and 2° are raised to 33%;

4° The outstanding commitments expressed in units of account covered by 7° of I do not exceed 30% of the contract's total outstanding commitments;

5° No more than 10% of the total assets of the contract may be invested in units of account covered by 9° of I of this article. The selection of these units of account is reserved for subscribers meeting the condition defined in 1° of article R. 131-1-2.

For the assessment of the ceilings defined in 2° and 3°, with regard to the units of account covered by 5° of I, only the proportion of these shares or units invested in investments other than those mentioned in 1° and 2° of I is taken into account.

The ceilings defined in 1°, 2°, 3° and 4° are assessed when a premium is paid or an arbitration is carried out. If, apart from these operations, these ceilings are exceeded, the contract is deemed to comply with them.

Notwithstanding the provisions of 1°, 2°, 3° and 4°, a transaction which reduces the difference between the contract and the ceiling when the latter is exceeded is authorised.

III - The contract must stipulate the conditions under which, if a unit of account disappears, another unit of account of the same type is substituted for it, by means of an amendment to the contract.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

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15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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