Paragraph 2: Training period.

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Article R742-15-1

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

At the end of the training period, the trainee appears before a committee responsible for validating the experience gained. With the exception of the persons mentioned in article R. 742-3, the trainee may be authorised by the Conseil national des greffiers des tribunaux de commerce to appear before this commission during the last three months of the traineeship.

The probation report mentioned in Article R. 742-15 is submitted to the commission, by the Conseil national des greffiers des tribunaux de commerce, at least ten days before the date of the interview.

The committee is made up of two magistrates from the judiciary and a commercial court clerk in active service or honorary. It is chaired by the most senior magistrate in the highest grade.

The chairman and members of the committee are appointed by order of the Minister of Justice for a period of three years, renewable once, after obtaining the opinion of the board of the Conseil national des greffiers des tribunaux de commerce (National Council of Commercial Court Clerks) in the case of the commercial court clerk. Alternates are appointed in equal numbers, under the same conditions.

The members of the commission may not be the same as those making up the jury provided for in article R. 742-6-2.

In order to clarify its assessment, the commission may ask to hear the training supervisor.

The conditions for validating the traineeship and the procedures for organising the interview at the end of the traineeship are set by order of the Minister of Justice.

Refusal to validate the traineeship is the subject of a reasoned decision by the commission. The Conseil national des greffiers des tribunaux de commerce then proposes that the candidate complete an additional traineeship with a registry that the Conseil determines, for a period set by the commission and which may not exceed that of the initial traineeship.

At the end of the additional traineeship, the experience acquired by the trainee is assessed under the same conditions as those provided for in the preceding paragraphs.

Refusal to validate the additional traineeship is the subject of a reasoned decision by the commission.

The decision to refuse to validate the traineeship or the additional traineeship may be referred to the Paris Court of Appeal within two months of its notification to the interested party.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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