Annual tax

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Article 1478

French General Tax CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - The business property tax is due for the entire year by the taxpayer who carries out the activity on 1 January.

However, a taxpayer who ceases all activity in an establishment is not liable for the business property tax for the months remaining, except in the event of the sale of the activity carried out in the establishment or in the event of a transfer of activity.

When, in respect of a given year, a business property tax assessment has been issued in the name of a person other than the person legally liable for the tax, the latter's tax assessment, in respect of the same year, is established for the benefit of the State within the limit of the rebate granted to the wrongly taxed taxpayer.

II. - In the event of the creation of an establishment other than those mentioned in III, the business property tax is not due for the year of creation.

For the two years following the year of creation, the tax base is calculated on the basis of the property liable to property tax which the taxpayer had at his disposal on 31 December of the first year of activity.

In the event of the creation of an establishment, the base of the new operator is reduced by half for the first year of taxation.

III. - For establishments producing electrical energy the business property tax is due from the time of connection to the network. These establishments are taxed, for the year of connection to the network, on the basis of the rental value for that year, adjusted for the period of activity. For the two years following the year of connection, their tax bases are calculated under the conditions defined in the second paragraph of II.

IV. - In the event of a change of operator, the tax base is calculated for the two years following that of the change, under the conditions defined in the second paragraph of II.

If the change of operator takes effect on 1 January, the new operator is taxed for the year of the change on the bases relating to the activity of his predecessor.

IV bis. - Repealed.

V. - The rental value is corrected according to the period of activity for the operators of seasonal tourist hotels classified under the conditions set by the minister responsible for tourism, restaurants, cafés, discotheques, entertainment or gaming establishments as well as spa establishments, carrying out an activity of a seasonal nature, as defined by decree.

By decision of the deliberative body of the municipality and of the public establishment for inter-municipal cooperation, the provisions of the first paragraph also apply to amusement and leisure parks exercising a seasonal activity.

VI. - The organisations mentioned in II of article 1447 become taxable under the conditions set out in II, from the year in which one of the three conditions set out in the first paragraph of 1 bis of article 206 is no longer met. Where the organisation was engaged in a profit-making activity in the year prior to that in which it becomes liable for tax, the reduction in the base provided for in the third paragraph of II is not applicable.

Subject to the provisions of the second paragraph of I, the organisation remains liable for the business property tax in respect of the year during which it meets the conditions provided for in the first paragraph of 1 bis of article 206, where it did not meet them the previous year.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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