Chapter 000Ib: Specific arrangements for presumption of income and flat-rate taxation based on lifestyle factors

Articles in this section · 2

Article 1649 quater-0 B ter

French General Tax CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

1. When the tax authorities are informed, as part of the fight against undeclared lucrative activities that undermine public order and public security and under the conditions set out in articles L. 82 C, L. 101 or L. 135 L of the Book of Tax Procedures, that a taxpayer has items mentioned below, it may, in the event of a marked disproportion between his lifestyle and his income, increase the income tax assessment base to a lump sum determined by applying to this or these lifestyle items the scale below, taking into account, where applicable, the increase provided for in 2.

DELEMENTS OF LIVELIHOOD

BASIS


1. Cadastral rental value of the main residence, less that applicable to business premises

Five times the cadastral rental value

2. Cadastral rental value of second homes, less that applicable to business premises

Five times the cadastral rental value

3. Motor cars used to transport people

The value of the new car with a 50% discount after three years of use or, in the case of a leased vehicle, five times the price including all taxes of the lease.

4. Motorbikes over 450 cm³.

The value of the new motorbike with a 50% discount after three years of use.

5. Sports and leisure clubs

Amount of expenditure.

6. Travel, hotel stays, holiday rentals and related expenses

Amount of expenditure

7. Household appliances, sound-hifi-video equipment, computer equipment

The value of the new property, where this exceeds €1,000.

8. Articles of jewellery and precious metals

The market value of the property.

The items used to determine the tax base are those disposed of, during the year of taxation, by the members of the tax household designated in 1 and 3 of article 6.

For items disposed of jointly by several persons, the base is set in proportion to the rights of each of them.

The income referred to in this article is that resulting from the taxpayer's declaration and, in the event of no declaration, it is counted as zero.

2. The lump sum determined in application of the scale is increased by 50% when the taxpayer has had more than four items of lifestyle listed in the scale.

For the purposes of assessing the number of items of lifestyle that the taxpayer has had, each item in categories 1 to 4 is counted as one. For categories 5 to 8, several items in the same category are counted as one.

3. The marked disproportion between a taxpayer's lifestyle and his income is established when the lump sum resulting from the application of the scale and the increase provided for in 1 and 2 is, for the year of taxation, at least equal to twice the amount of the total net income declared, including income that is exempt or taxed at a proportional rate or released from tax by the application of a levy.

4. The taxpayer can provide proof that his income or the use of his capital or the loans he has taken out have enabled him to maintain his lifestyle.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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