Preliminary section: Business formalities centres

Articles in this section · 13

Article A123-5

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023


The recipients of company formalities, mentioned in article L. 123-32 are:


<1° The Institut national de la propriété industrielle (INPI), responsible for maintaining the national register of companies;


<2° The Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), responsible for maintaining the national register of companies and their establishments;


3° The registrars of the commercial courts or the judicial courts with commercial jurisdiction, for the purpose of maintaining the commercial and company registers, the special registers of commercial agents and the special registers of sole proprietorships with limited liability, as well as the data of companies subject to their control and validation within the national register of companies;


4° CMA France and the regional Chambers of Trades and Crafts, in respect of data on businesses in the trades and crafts sector, subject to their control and validation within the national register of businesses;


5° La caisse centrale de la mutualité sociale agricole (CCMSA), les caisses départementales ou pluri-départementales de mutualité sociale agricole (MSA) ainsi que, selon le territoire concerné, les caisses générales de sécurité sociale (CGSS), la caisse de prévoyance sociale de Saint-Barthélemy, as well as the social welfare fund of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, for data on businesses run by one or more natural persons who are agricultural workers, subject to their control and validation within the national register of businesses, as well as for affiliation to the relevant social welfare scheme;


6° The tax departments of the Directorate General of Public Finances (DGFiP), for the purposes of declaring the existence of the business and choosing its tax regime, options and tax obligations;


7° L'Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale (ACOSS), les Unions de recouvrement des cotisations de sécurité sociale et d'allocations familiales (URSSAF) ainsi que, selon le territoire concerné, les caisses générales de sécurité sociale (CGSS), la caisse de prévoyance sociale de Saint-Barthélemy, la caisse de sécurité sociale de Mayotte et la caisse de prévoyance sociale de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon, pour l'affiliation au régime des travailleurs non-salariés non agricoles des entreprises concernées;


8° The bodies of the general scheme responsible for managing old-age insurance and the pricing and prevention of accidents at work and occupational diseases;


9° The bodies responsible for the old-age and invalidity-death insurance schemes for the liberal professions and lawyers;


10° The departmental livestock establishments.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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