Paragraph 2: Provisions relating to secure electronic devices enabling a dematerialised official report to be drawn up

Articles in this section · 2

Article A37-19

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

The secure electronic device for drawing up the official statement of offence using an electronic signature or a handwritten signature collected in digital form, provided for in II of Article R. 49-1 or by Article D. 589-2, must meet the following technical characteristics:

-the device can only be used with an electronic identification card personal to each recording officer, and after the latter has been authenticated by a personal code;

-the information stored in the device's memory is encrypted as soon as the officer validates its recording, and it cannot be modified after this validation ;

the official statement of offence is signed either electronically, which can be done using an electronic signature pad, or by hand by the officer using a stylus on the device's touchscreen, which is then stored in digital form ;

The offender may be offered the option of signing the official report by means of a handwritten signature affixed with a stylus to the device's touchscreen and then stored in digital form, on a screen page that presents him with an unmodifiable summary of the information concerning the fine recorded against him, information of which he thus acknowledges having been aware.

The absence of the offender's signature on this official report does not, however, constitute grounds for invalidating the procedure.

When this article is applied, in accordance with the provisions of the third paragraph of I of article R. 49-1, no document is given to the offender.

Mariela Petrova

Need help applying this article to your situation?

A registered French Lawyer explains what applies to your business — in English, fixed fee.

within 48h

Fixed Fee

Talk to a lawyer
Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

Ready When You Are

Talk To A Corporate
Lawyer In France.

A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.

First EngagementFixed Fee

Talk to a French lawyer.

Reply within 24 hours.

Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

Continue Reading

Related corporate services in France

01 / Setup

Setting up a French company

Choose between SAS, SARL, SA or SCI — and structure your first French entity around how you actually plan to operate.

Read More
02 / Operating

French commercial contracts

Distribution, agency, supply, services and IP licences — drafted around the protections French law actually gives.

Read More
03 / Disputes

Business disputes & litigation

Shareholder conflicts, commercial breaches and pre-litigation strategy — handled by the same team that knows the file.

Read More