Annexes to the regulatory part

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Article Annexe 1-3

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023

ANNEX TO ARTICLES R. 123-57 ET 123-58

1° For Germany:

die Aktiengesellschaft;

die Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien;

die Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung;

2° For Austria:

die Aktiengesellschaft;

die Gesellschaft mit beschraenkter Haftung;

3° For Belgium:

de naamloze vennootschap;

de commanditaire vennootschap op aandelen;

de personenvennootschap met beperkre aansprakelijheid;

4° For Bulgaria:

акционерно дружество ;

дружество с ограничена отоворност ;

командитно дружество с акции ;

5° For Cyprus:

Δημόσιες εταιρείες περιορισμένης ευθύνης με μετοχές ή με εγγύηση ;

ιδιωτικές εταιρείες περιορισμένης ευθύνης με μετοχές ή με εγγύηση ;

6° For Croatia:

dionicko društvo;

društvo s ogranicenom odgovornošcu;

7° For Denmark:

aktieselskab;

kommanditaktieselskab;

anpartsselskab;

8° For Spain:

la sociedad anonima;

la sociedad en comandita por acciones;

la sociedad de responsabilidad limitada;

9° For Estonia:

aktsiaselts;

osaühing;

10° For Finland:

yksityinen osakeyhtiö/privat aktiebolag;

yulkinen osakeyhtiö/publikt aktiebolag;

11° For France:

the société anonyme;

the société en commandite par actions;

the société à responsabilité limitée;

the société par actions simplifiée;

12° For Greece:

ανώνυμη εταιρία, εταιρία περιορισμένης ευθύνης, ετερόρ-

ρυθμη κατά μετοχές εταιρία;

13° For Hungary:

részvénytársaság ;

korlátolt felelosségu társaság ;

14° For Ireland:

the public company limited by shares;

the public company limited by guarantee and having a share capital;

the private company limited by shares or by guarantee;

15° For Italy:

sociétà per azioni;

sociétà in accomandita per azioni;

sociétà a responsabilità limitata;

16° For Latvia:

akciju sabiedriba;

sabiedriba ar ierobezotu atbildibu;

komanditsabiedriba;

17° For Lithuania:

akcine bendrove;

uzdaroji akcine bendrove;

18° For Luxembourg:

la société anonyme;

la société en commandite par actions;

la société à responsabilité limitée;

19° For Malta:

kumpanija pubblika;

public limited liability company;

kumpanija privata;

private limited liability company;

20° For the Netherlands:

de naamloze vennootschap;

de besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid;

21° For Poland:

spólka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia:

spólka komandytowoakcyjna;

spólka akcyjna;

22° For Portugal:

sociedade anonima;

sociedade en commandita por acçoes;

sociedade por quotas;

23° For Romania:

societate pe acţiuni ;

societate eu răspundere limitată ;

societate în comandita pe acţiuni ;

24°For the United Kingdom:

the public company limited by shares;

the public company limited by guarantee and having a share capital;

the private company limited by shares or by guarantee;

25° For Slovakia:

akciová spolecnost;

spolecnost s rucením obmedzeným';

26° For Slovenia:

delniska druzba;

druzba z omejeno odgovornostjo;

27° For Sweden:

aktiebolag;

komaditna delniska druzba;

28° For the Czech Republic:

spolecnost s rucením omezeným;

akciová spolecnost.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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