Title I: Public prosecution and investigating authorities

Articles in this section · 1

Article D1-13

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I.-The information provided for by article 11-2 is given by the public prosecutor. In the event of an indictment decided by the investigating chamber or a conviction handed down by the court of appeal, it is given by the public prosecutor or, on the latter's instructions, by the public prosecutor.

The written document containing the information provided for by this article may be transmitted by electronic means of communication.

II.-The information sent by the Public Prosecutor's Office includes:

1° The identity and address of the person;

2° The nature of the judicial decision concerning him or her;

3° The detailed legal description of the alleged offences, the date and place where they were committed, and a brief description of them;

4° The nature and place of exercise of the professional or social activity that justified the transmission of the information to the administration or competent authority;

5° The name of the employer.

The written document transmitting the information recalls the provisions of the third and fourth paragraphs of II of Article 11-2.

Where the information relates to a conviction, even one that is not final, the public prosecutor sends either a copy of the decision or a notice of conviction containing, in addition to the information listed in 1° to 5° of this II, the operative part of the decision. It is specified whether the time limit for appeal has not expired, whether an appeal has been lodged against the decision or whether the decision is final. If the administration or competent authority so requests, transmission of a copy of the sentencing decision is as of right.

Where applicable, in the event of a conviction, even if not final, referral to a court by the public prosecutor or investigating judge, or an indictment, copies of all or part of the documents from the proceedings that are useful to enable this authority to take the decisions falling within its remit may also be sent, of its own accord or at the request of the administration or competent authority.

III.-The Public Prosecutor shall inform the person concerned without delay of his decision to forward the information to the competent administration or body to which he is answerable by one of the following means:

1° In the event of prosecution, by a mention in the direct summons or in the report provided for by Articles 390-1,393 or 495-8 and 495-14;

2° In the event of an indictment, by a statement in the first appearance report following the public prosecutor's request to that effect;

3° In the event of conviction, either by information given orally at the end of the hearing by the public prosecutor and which is mentioned in the hearing notes, or by information given by the enforcement office which keeps a written record of it in the file, or by a mention appearing in the service of the decision ;

4° In all cases, by sending, by simple letter, or by handing to the person a copy for information of the notice sent to the administration, or any other document informing them of this transmission.

In the event of prosecution or indictment, failure to inform the person does not constitute grounds for invalidity of the proceedings.

IV.-When the Public Prosecutor notifies the administration of a final decision to dismiss, acquit or acquit, he reminds it of its obligation to delete from any file relating to the activity of the person concerned the information already transmitted, unless a decision has been taken imposing a sanction legally based on this information.

If this information is contained in written documents or any other material medium, these must be destroyed.

If such information is contained in an automated data processing system, it must be deleted therefrom.

The person concerned shall be notified in writing by the administration of this destruction or erasure, or of the fact that it has not been carried out because of a decision that has imposed a sanction legally based on the information previously transmitted.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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