Section 3: Concerted exercise of powers

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Article L1111-9

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I. - The competences of territorial authorities whose exercise requires the support of several territorial authorities or groupings of territorial authorities are implemented in accordance with the following rules:

1° Delegations of competence are organised within the framework of the territorial agreement for concerted exercise provided for in V of Article L. 1111-9-1;

2° The minimum participation of the project owner, provided for in the second paragraph of III of l'article L. 1111-10, is set at 30% of the total amount of funding provided by public bodies;

3° With the exception of operations included in the plan contract concluded between the State and the region and in the convergence contract, projects falling within these areas of responsibility may receive investment and operating subsidies either from the region or from a department.

II. - The region is responsible for organising, in its capacity as lead partner, the arrangements for joint action by territorial authorities and their public establishments for the exercise of competences relating to:

1° Sustainable regional planning and development;

2° Protection of biodiversity;

3° Climate, air quality and energy;

4° Youth policy;

5° (Repealed)

6° (Repealed)

7° Mobility, in particular intermodality, complementarity between modes of transport and the development of stations;

8° Support for higher education and research.

III. - The department is responsible for organising, in its capacity as lead partner, the procedures for joint action by local and regional authorities and their public establishments for the exercise of competences relating to:

1° Social action, social development and the contribution to the elimination of fuel poverty;

2° Personal autonomy;

3° Territorial solidarity.

It shall be consulted by the region prior to the preparation of the plan contract concluded between the State and the region pursuant to the loi n° 82-653 du 29 juillet 1982 portant réforme de la planification in order to take account of the specific characteristics of its territory.

IV. - The municipality or the public establishment for inter-municipal cooperation with its own tax status to which it has transferred its competences is responsible for organising, as lead partner, the procedures for joint action by territorial authorities and their public establishments for the exercise of competences relating to:

1° Sustainable mobility;

2° The organisation of local public services;

3° Spatial planning;

4° Local development.

V. - The procedures for joint action by territorial authorities and their groupings for the exercise of the competences mentioned in II to IV are debated by the territorial conference on public action provided for in Article L. 1111-9-1.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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