Section VII: Penalties.

Articles in this section · 2

Article L211-26

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

The provisions of the Highway Code governing the driving of a motorised land vehicle without insurance covering civil liability in accordance with the provisions of article L. 211-1 of this Code are reproduced below:

"Art. L. 324-2-I.-The act, including negligence, of putting or keeping in circulation a motorised land vehicle and its trailers or semi-trailers without being covered by an insurance policy guaranteeing civil liability in accordance with the provisions of article L. 211-1 of the Insurance Code is punishable by a fine of €3,750.

II - Any person guilty of the offence provided for in this article is also liable to the following additional penalties:

1° Community service, in accordance with article 131-8 of the Criminal Code and under the conditions set out in articles 131-22 to 131-24 of the same Code ;

2° A penalty of days' fine under the conditions set out in articles 131-5 and 131-25 of the Criminal Code;

3° Suspension of the driving licence for a maximum of three years; this suspension may not be limited to driving outside the scope of professional activity;

4° Cancellation of the driving licence with a ban on applying for a new licence for a maximum of three years;

5° A ban on driving certain land-based motor vehicles, including those for which a driving licence is not required, for a maximum of five years;

6° An obligation to complete, at the offender's own expense, a road safety awareness course;

7° Confiscation of the vehicle used by the offender to commit the offence, if the offender is the owner of the vehicle.

III - Immobilisation may be ordered under the conditions set out in articles L. 325-1 to L. 325-3. "

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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