Section 1: Scope of application.

Articles in this section · 2

Article L2411-1

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

An employee with one of the following mandates benefits from the protection against dismissal provided for in this chapter, including during a safeguarding, receivership or compulsory liquidation procedure:

1° Délégué syndical ;

2° Membre élu à la délégation du personnel du comité social et économique ;

3° Représentant syndical au comité social et économique ;

4° Représentant de proximité ;

5° Membre de la délégation du personnel du comité social et économique interentreprises ;

6° Membre du groupe spécial de négociation et membre du comité d'entreprise européen ;

7° Membre du groupe spécial de négociation et représentant au comité de la société européenne ;

7° bis Member of the special negotiating body and representative on the committee of the European Cooperative Society;

7° ter Member of the special negotiating body and representative on the committee of the company resulting from the cross-border merger;

8° Staff representative of an external company, appointed to the health, safety and working conditions committee of an establishment comprising at least one classified installation on the list provided for in article L. 515-36 du code de l'environnement ou mentionnée à l'article L. 211-2 du code minier;

9° Membre d'une commission paritaire d'hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail en agriculture prévue à l'article L. 717-7 du code rural et de la pêche maritime ;

10° Salarié mandaté, dans les conditions prévues aux articles L. 2232-23-1 et L. 2232-26, in undertakings without a trade union delegate;

11° Employee representative mentioned inarticle L. 662-4 of the French Commercial Code ;

12° Employee representative on the board of directors or supervisory board of public sector undertakings, public limited companies and partnerships limited by shares;

13° Member of the board or director of a social security fund mentioned inarticle L. 231-11 du code de la sécurité sociale ;

14° Membre du conseil d'administration d'une mutuelle, union ou fédération mentionné à l'article L. 114-24 du code de la mutualité ;

15° Représentant des salariés dans une chambre d'agriculture, mentionné à l'article L. 515-1 du code rural et de la pêche maritime ;

16° Conseiller du salarié inscrité sur une liste dressée par l'autorité administrative et chargée d'assister les salariés convoqués par leur employeur en vue d'un licenciement;

17° Conseiller prud'homme;

18° Assesseur maritime, mentionné à l'article 7 de la loi du 17 décembre 1926 relative à la répression en matière maritime;

19° Défenseur syndical mentionné à l'article L. 1453-4;

20° Member of the commission mentioned in article L. 23-111-1.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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