Paragraph 3: Combating mirror sites

Articles in this section · 8

Article L331-27

French Intellectual Property CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I.-When a final court decision has ordered any measure to prevent access to an online public communication service pursuant to Article L. 336-2, the Autorité de Régulation de la Communication Audiovisuelle et Numérique (French Audiovisual and Digital Communications Regulatory Authority), on application by a rights holder who is a party to the court ruling, may require any person covered by the ruling, for a period that may not exceed that remaining for the measures ordered by the court, to prevent access to any online public communications service that wholly or substantially reproduces the content of the service referred to in the ruling. For the purposes of applying this I, the Autorité de Régulation de la Communication Audiovisuelle et Numérique shall provide precise identification data for the service in question, in accordance with the procedures it shall define.

The Autorité de Régulation de la Communication Audiovisuelle et Numérique shall, in accordance with the procedures it shall define, provide precise identification data for the service in question. Under the same conditions, the authority may also ask any operator of a search engine, directory or other referencing service to stop referencing electronic addresses giving access to these online public communication services.

In order to facilitate the enforcement of the judicial decisions referred to in Article L. 336-2, the authority shall adopt model agreements, which it shall invite rights holders and any person likely to contribute to remedying infringements of copyright and related rights online to conclude. In particular, the agreement sets out the conditions under which the parties must inform each other of the existence of any online public communication service that includes all or a substantial part of the content of the service covered by the decision. It commits any person likely to contribute to remedying infringements of copyright and related rights online, party to the agreement, to take the measures provided for by the court decision.

II. II - In the event of difficulty relating to the application of the first or second paragraphs of I, the Autorité de Régulation de la Communication Audiovisuelle et Numérique may ask the services to justify themselves. Without prejudice to such a request, the matter may be referred to the judicial authority, in summary proceedings or on application, to order any measure intended to stop access to these services. This referral is made without prejudice to the referral provided for in article L. 336-2.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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