Subsection 1: Obligations of directors and shareholders of market undertakings

Articles in this section · 8

Article L421-7-1

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-The persons referred to in Article L. 421-7 must meet the following requirements:

1° They must devote sufficient time to performing their duties within the market undertaking. The number of mandates for the functions mentioned in II that may be exercised simultaneously by one of these persons in any legal entity shall take into account the particular situation and the nature, scope and complexity of the activities of the market undertaking.

Unless they represent the State, the persons referred to in Article L. 421-7 may not simultaneously hold office in market undertakings that are significant by virtue of their size, internal organisation and the nature, scope and complexity of their activities:

a) More than one mandate for one of the functions mentioned in 1° of II and two mandates for one of the functions mentioned in 2° of II ;

b) More than four mandates for one of the functions mentioned in 2° of II.

For the purposes of this article, positions held within the same group within the meaning of Article L. 233-17-2 of the Commercial Code, and positions held within undertakings in which the market undertaking has a qualifying holding within the meaning of Article 4(1)(36) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013, shall be considered as a single position.

The AMF may authorise one of the persons referred to in Article L. 421-7 to hold an additional mandate for one of the functions referred to in 2° of II of this Article. It shall regularly inform the Autorité européenne des marchés financiers of such authorisations.

The limit on the number of offices held by one of the persons referred to in Article L. 421-7 shall not apply to offices held in entities that do not pursue primarily commercial objectives;

2° They collectively possess the knowledge, skills and experience that enable them to understand the activities of the market undertaking, in particular the main risks;

3° Each of them acts with honesty, integrity and independence of mind in order to evaluate effectively and critically, if necessary, the decisions of the persons who report to them on the day-to-day management of the market undertaking, and to supervise and monitor the decisions taken effectively.

II - The functions subject to the provisions of I are :

1° The positions of managing director, deputy managing director, member of the management board, sole managing director or any other person exercising equivalent functions;

2° The duties of a member of the Board of Directors, the Supervisory Board or any other corporate body performing equivalent duties.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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