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Article L5111-1-1

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - When their purpose is to ensure the joint exercise of a competence recognised by law or transferred to their signatories, the agreements concluded between the départements, the Lyon metropolis, the regions, their public establishments, their groupings, the municipalities belonging to the Greater Paris metropolis and the mixed syndicates provide for:

- either the provision of the service and equipment of one of the co-contracting parties to the agreement for the benefit of another of these co-contracting parties;

- or the grouping of the existing services and equipment of each co-contracting party to the agreement within a unified service under the responsibility of only one of these co-contracting parties.

In the case referred to in the second paragraph of this I, the agreement lays down the terms and conditions for the reimbursement, by the beneficiary of the provision of the service, of the operating costs for which it is responsible.

In the case referred to in the third paragraph of this I, the agreement specifies the terms and conditions for the reimbursement of the expenses incurred by the unified service on behalf of the co-contracting parties to the agreement. It also specifies, after consultation with the relevant territorial social committees, the effects on the staff concerned.

The staff of the department made available or of the unified department are placed under the functional authority of the administrative authority for which they carry out their mission.

II. - Agreements concluded between public establishments for inter-municipal cooperation or between communes that are members of the same public establishment for inter-municipal cooperation with their own tax status by virtue of the last paragraph of Article L. 5111-1 are subject to the conditions set out in I of this article. By way of derogation from the first paragraph of the same I, when the purpose of these agreements is to pool the investigation of decisions taken on behalf of the municipality or the State by the mayors of the municipalities that are members of the contracting public establishments, the municipalities concerned are also parties to the agreement.

III. - The départements, the Lyon metropolitan area, and the regions, their public establishments and the mixed syndicates referred to in Article L. 5721-2 to which they belong may, in particular through the creation of a mixed syndicate, set up a unified service whose purpose is to jointly provide functional services. Functional services are defined as territorial administrative or social services that contribute to the exercise of the competences of the local authorities concerned without being directly linked to these competences.

IV. - The conditions for the application of this article are laid down by a decree in the Conseil d'Etat.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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