Section 3: Prudential provisions

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Article L526-29

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

The Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution may issue a recommendation or an injunction to electronic money institutions to ensure the existence of sufficient own funds for the issuance and management of electronic money, in particular where activities other than the issuance and management of electronic money adversely affect or threaten to adversely affect the financial soundness of the electronic money institution.

The Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution may also issue a recommendation or injunction to electronic money institutions carrying out hybrid activities within the meaning of Article L. 526-3 a recommendation or an injunction to create a separate legal entity for the activities of issuing and managing electronic money where the institution's activities other than issuing and managing electronic money undermine or threaten to undermine the financial soundness of the electronic money institution or the ability of the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution to monitor the institution's compliance with all the obligations imposed on it.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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