Chapter II: The company during the observation period.

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Article L622-13

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - Notwithstanding any legal provision or any contractual clause, no indivisibility, termination or resolution of a current contract may result from the sole fact of the opening of safeguard proceedings.

The co-contractor must fulfil its obligations despite the debtor's failure to perform commitments made prior to the opening judgment. Failure to perform these undertakings only gives rise to a right in favour of the creditors to a declaration of liabilities.

II. - The administrator alone has the power to require performance of current contracts by providing the promised service to the debtor's co-contractor.

In the light of the forecast documents available to him, the administrator shall ensure, at the time he requests performance of the contract, that he will have the necessary funds to ensure the resulting payment. In the case of a contract with performance or payment staggered over time, the administrator shall terminate the contract if it appears to him that he will not have the necessary funds to fulfil the obligations of the following term.

III. - The current contract is terminated ipso jure:

1° After a formal notice to take a decision on the continuation of the contract sent by the co-contractor to the administrator and remaining unanswered for more than one month. Before the expiry of this period, the official receiver may set the administrator a shorter period or grant him an extension, which may not exceed two months, to take a decision;

2° In the absence of payment under the conditions defined in II and the agreement of the other party to continue contractual relations. In this case, the public prosecutor, the administrator, the judicial representative or a controller may refer the matter to the court for the purpose of terminating the observation period.

IV. - At the request of the administrator, termination is ordered by the juge-commissaire if it is necessary to safeguard the debtor and does not excessively harm the interests of the co-contractor.

V. - If the administrator does not make use of the option to continue the contract or terminates it under the conditions of II or if termination is ordered pursuant to IV, non-performance may give rise to damages in favour of the other party, the amount of which must be declared as a liability. The co-contractor may nevertheless defer restitution of the sums paid in excess by the debtor in performance of the contract until the damages have been adjudicated.

VI. - The provisions of this article do not apply to contracts of employment. Nor do they concern a trust contract, with the exception of an agreement in execution of which the debtor retains the use or enjoyment of property or rights transferred to a fiduciary estate.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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