Chapter III: Legal structures

Articles in this section · 8

Article L6223-8

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I.- Article 6(2) of Law no. 90-1258 of 31 December 1990 relating to the practice in the form of companies of liberal professions subject to a legislative or regulatory status or whose title is protected and to companies for the financial participation of liberal professions is not applicable to companies for the liberal practice of medical biologists.

II - Companies for the liberal practice of medical biologists created prior to the date of promulgation of Law no. 2013-442 of 30 May 2013 on the reform of medical biology and which, on this date, do not comply with I of this article or I of article 10 of the same law retain the option of benefiting from the derogation provided for in 2° of I of article 6 of the aforementioned Law no. 90-1258 of 31 December 1990.

Priority in the sale of their shares is given to the biologists practising in these companies. If the latter are unable to acquire the shares offered to them, the transfer may be made to any natural or legal person practising the profession of medical biologist or to any financial holding company for liberal professions of medical biologists. Subject to compliance with the thresholds provided for in application of III of article 6 of the aforementioned law no. 90-1258 of 31 December 1990, this transfer may also be made to one or more persons who do not meet the conditions of A of I of article 5 of the same law or of 1° and 5° of B of the same I.

III -All contracts and agreements signed within the framework of sociétés d'exercice libéral are communicated to the competent ordre, pursuant to articles L. 4113-9 and L. 4221-19. Any hidden agreement or clause is then unenforceable.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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