Section 1: Identification of financial conglomerates

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Article L633-1

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

The Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution and the Autorité des marchés financiers, in liaison, where appropriate, with the supervisory authorities of regulated entities in the Member States or other States party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, shall identify the groups falling within the scope of the supplementary supervision of financial conglomerates and, to this end, shall exchange any information relevant to the performance of their respective tasks.

Where a group has been identified as a financial conglomerate and the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution is designated as the coordinator of the supplementary supervision in accordance with the provisions of Article L. 633-2, it shall inform the entity heading the group or, failing that, the regulated entity with the largest balance sheet total in the most important financial sector in the group. It shall also inform the competent authorities which have authorised the regulated entities in the group, the competent authorities of the Member State or other State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area in which the mixed financial holding company has its head office, and the Joint Committee of European Supervisory Authorities within the meaning of Article 54 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 and Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010.

If the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution or, where applicable, the Autorité des marchés financiers considers that a regulated entity mentioned in Article L. 517-2 and subject to its supervision pursuant to Articles L. 612-2 or L. 621-9 belongs to a group which may be a financial conglomerate and which has not yet been identified as such, it shall inform the other competent authorities concerned and the Joint Committee of European Supervisory Authorities.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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