Sub-paragraph 1: Common provisions.

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Article R214-89

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I. - To assess the 60% and 51% quotas mentioned in 1° of article L. 214-37 , the denominator takes into account :

1° The assets mentioned in 1°, 4° and 6° to 9° of I of article L. 214-36 held directly by the real estate collective investment undertaking ;

2° Assets held directly by the companies referred to in 2° or 3° of I of Article L. 214-36 in which the undertaking holds equity interests meeting the conditions set out in Article R. 214-83, in proportion to the undertaking's direct and indirect equity interests in these companies;

3° Direct holdings covered by article R. 214-85 ;

4° Direct holdings in bodies mentioned in 5° of the I of article L. 214-36.

II. - For the purposes of calculating the 60% quota mentioned in 1° of article L. 214-37 applying to the société de placement à prépondérance immobilière à capital variable (open-ended real estate investment company), the numerator takes into account :

1° The assets mentioned in 1° of I of article L. 214-36 held directly by the open-ended investment company with predominantly real estate capital;

2° Buildings, real rights referred to in article R. 214-82 and, where applicable, lessee's rights, held directly by the companies referred to in 2° or 3° of I of article L. 214-36 in which the open-ended real estate investment trust has holdings meeting the conditions set out in article R. 214-83, in proportion to the open-ended real estate investment trust's direct and indirect holdings in these companies;

3° Direct holdings covered by article R. 214-85 as well as direct holdings held by the companies mentioned in 2° in companies mentioned in article R. 214-85, in proportion to the direct and indirect holdings of the real estate investment trust in the said companies mentioned in 2° ;

4° Shares referred to in 4° of the I of article L. 214-36 held directly by the open-ended real estate investment company;

5° Direct holdings in undertakings referred to in 5° of the I of article L. 214-36 as well as direct holdings held by the companies referred to in 2° of this article in the undertakings referred to in this 5°, in proportion to the direct and indirect holdings of the real estate investment trust in these companies referred to in 2° of this article.

For the purposes of calculating the 51% quota mentioned in 1° of article L. 214-37, the assets mentioned in 1° to 3° and 5° of this II are taken into account in the numerator.

III. - To assess the 60% quota mentioned in 1° of article L. 214-37 applying to real estate investment funds, the numerator takes into account :

1° The assets mentioned in 1° of I of article L. 214-36 held directly by the real estate investment trust ;

2° The properties and real rights referred to in Article R. 214-82 held directly by the companies referred to in 2° of I of Article L. 214-36 in which the real estate investment trust has holdings that meet the conditions set out in Article R. 214-83, in proportion to the real estate investment trust's direct and indirect holdings in these companies;

3° Buildings and real rights referred to in article R. 214-82 held directly by the bodies referred to in 5° of I of article L. 214-36 in which the real estate investment trust has holdings meeting the conditions set out in the last sentence of 1° of article L. 214-37, in proportion to the real estate investment trust's direct and indirect holdings in these bodies.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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