Subsection 1: Capital increases.

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Article R225-115

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

When the General Meeting itself determines all the terms and conditions of the capital increase with cancellation of preferential subscription rights, the report referred to in Article R. 225-114 shall also indicate the impact of the proposed issue on the situation of holders of equity securities and securities giving access to the capital, in particular with regard to their share of shareholders' equity at the close of the last financial year. If the financial year-end is more than six months prior to the proposed transaction, this impact shall be assessed on the basis of an interim financial statement prepared using the same methods and in the same presentation as the last annual balance sheet. This information shall also be given taking into account all the securities issued that may give access to the capital.

The Statutory Auditor shall give his opinion on the proposal to waive preferential rights, on the choice of elements for calculating the issue price and on its amount, as well as on the impact of the issue on the situation of holders of equity securities and securities giving access to the capital assessed in relation to shareholders' equity. It shall verify and certify the fairness of the information taken from the company's accounts on which it gives this opinion.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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