Subsection 5: Penalties

Articles in this section · 21

Article R621-40

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

I. - Pursuant to IV bis of Article L. 621-15, the chairman of the panel hearing the case shall preside over the meeting.

II. - During the meeting, the rapporteur presents his report. The Director General of the Treasury or his representative may submit observations. The member of the Board mentioned in the third paragraph of I of Article L. 621-15 or his representative appointed pursuant to this provision may submit observations in support of the objections notified and propose a sanction. The defendant, if present, and his or her counsel present the defendant's defence. The chairman of the panel hearing the case may call to be heard any person he deems useful. In all cases, the accused person, if present, and his counsel must be allowed to speak last. If the Panel considers that it has not received sufficient information, it will ask the rapporteur to continue his work in accordance with the procedure defined in II and III of Article R. 621-39.

III. - The panel's decisions are taken in the sole presence of its members and an AMF official acting as secretary to the meeting, without the presence of the rapporteur, the member of the Board mentioned in the third paragraph of I of Article L. 621-15 or his representative appointed pursuant to this provision, and the Director General of the Treasury or his representative.

IV. - The meeting secretary draws up minutes of the meeting. The minutes are signed by the chairman of the Enforcement Committee, the rapporteur and the meeting secretary and sent to the members of the Enforcement Committee and to the Director General of the Treasury.

V. - The decision mentions the names of the members of the panel who took the decision. The person concerned is notified of the decision by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt, by hand-delivery against a receipt or by bailiff's deed or by any other means that enables the date of receipt to be ascertained.

The decision is communicated to the Director General of the Treasury and to the Chairman of the AMF, who reports to the Board.

When the decision concerns an investment services provider other than a portfolio management company, it is also notified to the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution.

VI. - The decision to impose a sanction shall mention, where applicable, the costs of the proceedings to be borne by the person against whom the sanction has been imposed.

The remuneration of bailiffs acting under this section is set in accordance with Articles R. 181 to R. 184 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

VII. - When a notification is made under this section by a bailiff, the bailiff proceeds in accordance with the procedures set out in articles 555 to 563 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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