Subsection 1: Common provisions.

Articles in this section · 16

Article R712-18

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

If, before 1 January, the establishment has not adopted a primary budget by the required majority, or if the primary budget has not been approved by the supervisory authority, the chairman may, using as a reference the primary budget or the last amending budget approved by the supervisory authority for the previous year, less a percentage of the amount of revenue and expenditure amounting to 5%, levy revenue and mandate expenditure under the following conditions:

1° Until the approval of the establishment's budget, collect revenue and commit, liquidate and mandate operating expenditure up to the limit of that entered in the initial budget or, where applicable, in the amending budgets for the previous year;

2° Mandate expenditure relating to the capital repayment of annual debt repayments falling due before the approval of the budget ;

3° Until the budget is approved, if this takes place before 31 March, and after deliberation by the general meeting, commit, liquidate and mandate investment expenditure, up to a limit of one quarter of the appropriations opened in the budget for the previous financial year, not including appropriations relating to the repayment of the debt ;

4° After 31 March and until the budget is approved, if the supervisory authority so authorises and by resolution of the general meeting, commit, settle and mandate capital expenditure, excluding appropriations relating to debt repayment. The aforementioned authorisation specifies the amount and allocation of the appropriations.

The appropriations mentioned in 1°, 2°, 3° and 4° are entered in the budget when it is adopted. The treasurer pays the mandates and collects the receipts under the above conditions.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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