Paragraph 3: Calculation methods for fiction, animation and audiovisual adaptations of live performances

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Article 311-41

French Cinema and Moving Image CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023


The amount of French hourly expenditure is calculated by dividing a duration of 60 minutes by the amount of the following expenditure incurred in France:
1° Remuneration and social security contributions of authors, performers, technical creative collaborators, technical collaborators responsible for the preparation and production of the animation and production workers who are French nationals or assimilated.
Where the aforementioned technicians and workers are employed on a permanent basis, only the salaries and social security contributions corresponding to the period during which these personnel were actually employed on the production of the work concerned are taken into account;
2° Expenditure relating to services provided by technical industries;
3° Expenditure relating to services provided by service providers specialising in the preparation and production of animation;
4° Technical and other non-lump sum expenditure directly linked to filming and post-production. For works belonging to the animation genre, technical expenditure includes expenditure on the technical equipment needed to produce the images, i.e. expenditure on camera and lighting equipment, as well as expenditure on equipment, supplies, hardware and computer software directly assigned to the development and production of the animation;
5° Expenditure linked to the acquisition of artistic rights;
6° For works belonging to the animation genre, financial and insurance costs linked to the production of the work.
The expenses mentioned in 2° to 6° are considered to have been incurred in France when they correspond to operations or services carried out in France by companies established in France.
For works belonging to the genre of audiovisual adaptation of live performances, the cost of the artistic set is considered as French hourly expenditure for all the rights holders making up the set. In addition, the share of administrative, artistic and technical costs solely linked to the production of the show independently of the production of the audiovisual work is not taken into account as French hourly expenditure when this share is valued as a co-production contribution by the show producer.
The reduction in duration provided for in Article 311-40 does not apply for the calculation of the amount of French hourly expenditure.

Mariela Petrova

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Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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