Section 6: Challenge.

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Article L2261-14

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

Where the application of an agreement or arrangement is called into question in a given undertaking, in particular as a result of a merger, transfer, demerger or change of activity, that agreement or arrangement shall continue to have effect until the entry into force of the agreement or arrangement which replaces it or, failing that, for a period of one year from the expiry of the notice period provided for in Article L. 2261-9, unless a clause provides for a longer period.

Where the agreement or arrangement which has been called into question has not been replaced by a new agreement or arrangement within the period set out in the first paragraph of this article, the employees of the undertakings concerned benefit from a guaranteed remuneration, the annual amount of which, for a working time equivalent to that provided for in their contract of employment, may not be less than the remuneration paid, in application of the agreement or arrangement which has been called into question, during the last twelve months. This guaranteed remuneration is understood within the meaning of Article L. 242-1 of the Social Security Code, with the exception of the first sentence of the second paragraph of the same Article L. 242-1.

This guarantee of remuneration may be ensured by the payment of a differential indemnity between the amount of remuneration that was due to the employee by virtue of the disputed agreement and his contract of employment and the amount of the employee's remuneration resulting from the new agreement, if any, and his contract of employment.

Where the challenge concerns a fixed-term agreement, the second paragraph of this article :

1° Applies until the end date that would have been the end date of the agreement if it had not been called into question, if this end date is later than the date on which the agreement called into question ceases to have effect in application of the first paragraph;

2° Does not apply if this term is prior to the date on which this agreement ceases to have effect in application of the first paragraph.

New negotiations must begin in the company concerned, at the request of one of the interested parties, within three months of the agreement being called into question, either to adapt it to the newly applicable collective bargaining provisions, or to draw up new stipulations.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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