Subsection 3: Operation

Articles in this section · 6

Article L2362-7

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

The special negotiating body takes its decisions by an absolute majority of its members, who must also represent an absolute majority of the employees of the participating parties and of the subsidiaries or establishments concerned. Each member has one vote.

By way of derogation from the first paragraph, the decision not to open negotiations or to close negotiations already opened and to apply the rules on information and consultation in force in the Member States where the European Cooperative Society employs employees shall be taken by a majority of two thirds of the members of the special negotiating body, coming from at least two Member States and provided that they represent at least two thirds of the employees of the participating persons as well as of the subsidiaries and establishments concerned. In this case, Chapter III of this Title shall not apply. Such a decision may not be taken in the case of a European Cooperative Society constituted by transformation where there is a system of participation in the cooperative which is to be transformed.

Where the participation concerns at least 25% of the total number of employees of the participating persons in the case of the incorporation of a European Cooperative Society by way of merger, or at least 50% of such total number in the case of incorporation by any other means, with the exception of the case provided for in the first paragraph of article L. 2362-12, the majority required is that provided for in the second paragraph of this article if the special negotiating body intends to set a number or proportion of the members of the supervisory or administrative body through which employees exercise their participation rights at a lower level than that which was the highest within one of the participating entities.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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