Section 1: Scope of application

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Article L313-1

French Consumer CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

The provisions of this chapter apply to:


1° Credit agreements, as defined in 6° of Article L. 311-1, intended to finance the following transactions:


a) For buildings for residential use or for professional and residential use:


-their acquisition as owner-occupied property or the subscription or purchase of units or shares in companies giving entitlement to their allocation as owner-occupied property, including where these transactions are also intended to enable repair, improvement or maintenance work to be carried out on the property thus acquired ;


-their acquisition in jouissance or the subscription or purchase of units or shares in companies giving entitlement to their allocation in jouissance, including where these transactions are also intended to enable the carrying out of repair, improvement or maintenance work on the property thus acquired;


expenditure relating to their construction;


b) The purchase of land intended for the construction of the buildings mentioned in a above;


2° Credit agreements granted to a borrower defined in 2° of article L. 311-1, which are secured by a mortgage or other comparable security interest over residential property, or by a right attached to residential property. Contracts guaranteed in this way include those intended to finance the repair, improvement or maintenance of residential property or property used for both business and residential purposes;


3° To the credit agreements mentioned in 1°, which are taken out by legal entities under private law, where the credit granted is not intended to finance a professional activity, in particular that of legal entities which, on a regular basis, even incidental to another activity, or by virtue of their corporate purpose, provide, in any form whatsoever, buildings or parts of buildings, built or unbuilt, completed or unfinished, collective or individual, owned or enjoyed.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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