Section I: General provisions.

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Article L421-4-1

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

The contributions to the guarantee fund referred to in article L. 421-4 are defined as follows:

1° The contribution from policyholders is based on all net premiums or contributions that they pay to insurance companies for insurance against civil liability risks resulting from accidents caused by motor land vehicles and vehicle trailers or semi-trailers when the risk is located within the territory of the French Republic. It is collected by insurance companies in accordance with the same rules and subject to the same guarantees and penalties as the tax on insurance contracts provided for in article 991 of the General Tax Code. It is collected monthly by the guarantee fund;

2° The contribution from insurance companies is proportional to the premiums or contributions for the last financial year, including accessories and reminders and after deductions for cancellations, relating to the insurance of land motor vehicles and vehicle trailers or semi-trailers when the risk is located within the territory of the French Republic. It is paid by insurance companies in accordance with the same rules and subject to the same guarantees and penalties as the tax on insurance contracts provided for in the same article 991. It is collected monthly by the guarantee fund;

3° (Repealed) ;

4° (Repealed) ;

5° The contribution of those responsible for accidents caused by the use of vehicles defined in 1° of this article, who are not insured, is based on the total amount of compensation payable by them in respect of damage resulting from these accidents. For the purposes of this article, persons whose civil liability is covered by an insurance contract under the conditions laid down in article L. 211-1 are deemed to be insured. However, within the meaning of this article, they are only entitled to such cover in respect of the excess which may be provided for by their contract in application of article L. 121-1.

In the event of legal proceedings, the decision must indicate whether or not the liable party has insurance cover.

The contribution is assessed and collected by the Directorate General of Public Finances, in accordance with the same rules, under the same guarantees and subject to the same penalties as for registration duties. It is collected on notification made to this directorate by the guarantee fund.

The contribution must be paid within one month of the date on which the claim is lodged with the Directorate General of Public Finance.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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