French Legislation In English

Search, Read and Apply French Law. In English.

20+ full codes, 2,400+ articles translated and updated. Case law linked to every article. Read the actual text before you ask a lawyer about it — free, no login required.

Try: L.227-1 SAS governance, L.145-9 bail commercial renewal, L.223-18 gérant removal SARL

20+

french codes

Fully translated

2,400+

articles in English

Updated regularly

480+

court rulings linked

Per article

Free

full access

No login required

Showing 5160 of 68617 articles for Art. L 225-197-1 and L 228-101

French Commercial codeIn force
Paragraph 1: Stock options.

Article L225-178

The authorisation granted by the Extraordinary General Meeting entails the express waiver by shareholders, in favour of the beneficiaries of the options, of their pre-emptive right to subscribe for th…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Section 3: Shareholders' meetings.

Article L225-124

Any share converted into a bearer share or transferred in ownership loses the double voting right allocated pursuant to articles L. 225-123 and L. 22-10-46. However, a transfer as a result of inherita…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 1: Capital increases.

Article L225-149-1

In the event of the issue of new equity securities or new securities giving access to the capital as well as in the event of a merger or demerger of the company called upon to issue such securities, t…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 1: Capital increases.

Article L225-130

Where the capital increase, whether by issuing new equity securities or by increasing the nominal amount of existing equity securities, is carried out by capitalising reserves, profits or share premiu…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Paragraph 1: Stock options.

Article L225-181

…the term of the option. However, when the company carries out an amortisation or reduction of capital, a change in the allocation of profits, a free allocation of shares, a capitalisation of reserves,…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 1: Capital increases.

Article L225-133

If the General Meeting or, in the event of delegation under Article L. 225-129, the Board of Directors or the Management Board expressly decides to do so, the shares not subscribed by irrevocable enti…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 1: Formation with a public offer other than one of those mentioned in 1° or 2° of Article L. 411-2 of the Monetary and Financial Code or in Article L. 411-2-1 of the Monetary and Financial Code.

Article L225-8-1

I. - Article L. 225-8 is not applicable, upon the decision of the founders, when the contribution in kind consists of: 1° Transferable securities giving access to the capital mentioned in Article L. 2…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 3: Provisions common to corporate officers of sociétés anonymes.

Article L225-95-1

As an exception to the provisions of articles L. 225-21, L. 225-77 and L. 225-94-1, the mandates of permanent representative of a venture capital company mentioned in Article 1er de la loi n° 85-695 d…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Subsection 1: The Board of Directors of the Executive Board.

Article L225-17

A société anonyme is managed by a Board of Directors consisting of at least three members. The Articles of Association set the maximum number of board members, which may not exceed eighteen. The Board…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
French Commercial codeIn force
Section 3: Shareholders' meetings.

Article L225-102-1

I. - A declaration of extra-financial performance is inserted in the management report provided for in the second paragraph of Article L. 225-100, when the balance sheet total or turnover and the numb…

AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
Common Questions

French legislation in English — Q&A

Our translations are produced and reviewed for accuracy, but the only legally binding version of French law is the French original. For court, registry or contractual use we offer lawyer-reviewed or sworn certified translations on request.
Articles are synced with Légifrance and updated as soon as a reform is published in the Journal Officiel, so you always read the version in force — and can see when each article was last amended.
Each article is linked to the key court decisions (Cour de cassation, Conseil d'État, courts of appeal) that interpret it, so you can read the text and its case-law application side by side.
Yes — every article has an AI plain-English summary, and you can order a lawyer-reviewed explanation of how it applies to your specific situation, with next steps.
No. Reading and searching the codes is free with no login. Paid services — certified translation and the legal application report — are entirely optional.
Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In French Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

Ready When You Are

Talk To A Lawyer
In France.

A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.

First EngagementFixed Fee

Talk to a French lawyer.

Reply within 24 hours.

Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

Continue

Related legal services

01 / Read

Browse the French codes

20+ full codes and 2,400+ articles in English, with the key court rulings linked to every article — free to read.

Read More
02 / Apply

Legal application report

A lawyer-reviewed report explaining how the relevant articles apply to your situation, with case-law analysis and next steps.

Read More
03 / Act

Talk to a French lawyer

Scope your matter with a Paris-Bar avocate — incorporation, contracts, disputes — handled bilingually, end to end.

Read More
Search “Art. L 225-197-1 and L 228-101” | French Legislation