Section I: Common provisions.

Articles in this section · 14

Article L322-1-2

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

In this Code :

1° The term "sociétés de groupe d'assurance" refers to parent undertakings within the meaning of Article L. 356-1 which are not mixed financial holding companies within the meaning of Article L. 517-4 of the Monetary and Financial Code and whose main business consists of acquiring and managing holdings within the meaning of 10° of Article L. 310-3 in undertakings subject to State control pursuant to Article L. 310-1 or Article L. 310-1-1 in insurance or reinsurance undertakings whose registered office is located outside France, or in supplementary professional retirement funds set up in the form of a public limited company, or to enter into and manage strong and lasting financial relationships with mutual insurers or unions governed by Book II of the Mutual Code, mutual insurers or supplementary professional retirement unions mentioned in Article L. 214-1 of the same code, provident institutions or unions governed by Title III of Book IX of the Social Security Code, institutions for supplementary occupational retirement provision mentioned in Article L. 942-1 of the same code, mutual insurance companies, funds for supplementary occupational retirement provision constituted in the form of a mutual insurance company, or insurance or reinsurance undertakings with a mutual or cooperative form or with joint management having their registered office in a Member State of the European Union or in another State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area. At least one of these bodies is an undertaking subject to State control pursuant to Article L. 310-1 or Article L. 310-1-1 and having its registered office in France;

2° The term "sociétés de groupe mixtes d'assurance" refers to parent undertakings within the meaning of 1° of Article L. 356-1 of at least one undertaking mentioned in Article L. 310-1 or Article L. 310-1-1, or a supplementary professional retirement fund, or a mutual insurance undertaking or union governed by Book II of the Mutual Insurance Code, or a supplementary professional retirement mutual insurance undertaking or union mentioned in Article L. 214-1 of the same Mutual Code, or a provident institution or union governed by Title III of Book IX of the Social Security Code, or an institution for supplementary occupational retirement provision mentioned in Article L. 942-1 of the Social Security Code, other than the undertakings mentioned in Article L. 310-1 or Article L. 310-1-1, supplementary occupational retirement funds, mutual insurers or unions governed by Book II of the Mutual Code, supplementary occupational retirement mutual insurers or unions referred to in Article L. 214-1 of the Mutual Code, provident institutions or unions governed by Title III of Book IX of the Social Security Code, supplementary occupational retirement institutions referred to in Article L. 942-1 of the same code, insurance or reinsurance undertakings whose registered office is located outside France, insurance group companies as defined in 1°, mutual group unions as defined in article L. 111-4-2 of the Mutual Code and social protection insurance group companies as defined in article L. 931-2-2 of the Social Security Code and mixed financial holding companies as defined in article L. 517-4 of the Monetary and Financial Code.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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