Section I: Common provisions.

Articles in this section · 14

Article L322-3-2

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

The effective management of the undertakings referred to in Article L. 310-3-1 is ensured by at least two persons who must satisfy the conditions laid down in Article L. 322-2.

These undertakings designate the person responsible for each of the key functions referred to in article L. 354-1 from within the undertaking or, where applicable, from within the group within the meaning of article L. 356-1. Placed under the authority of the Chief Executive Officer or the Management Board as the case may be, these managers perform their duties under the conditions defined by the company.

The Chief Executive Officer or the Management Board shall submit, for the approval of the Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board, procedures defining the conditions under which the persons responsible for these functions may inform the Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board, directly and on their own initiative, when events of such a nature as to justify it occur.

The Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board shall hear the heads of key functions directly and on its own initiative, whenever it considers it necessary and at least once a year. This interview may take place without the Chief Executive Officer or the Executive Board being present if the members of the Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board deem it necessary. The Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board may refer this hearing to a specialised committee of the Board.

The appointment and reappointment of the persons mentioned in the first two paragraphs shall be notified to the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution in accordance with Article L. 612-23-1 of the Monetary and Financial Code.

A decree of the Conseil d'Etat shall specify the conditions of application of this article.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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