Section 1: Organisation of the national health data system

Articles in this section · 10

Article R1461-4

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023

I.-The categories of data collected within the national health data system are as follows:

1° Information relating to recipients of care and medico-social benefits:

a) The pseudonym, consisting of a non-representative code obtained by an irreversible cryptographic process from the registration number in the National Register for the Identification of Natural Persons ;

b) Sex, month and year of birth, rank of birth, municipality of residence and its code as well as sub-municipal location data, excluding any address;

c) medico-administrative information, in particular, where applicable, information relating to long-term conditions on the list referred to inarticle D. 160-4 of the Social Security Code, and occupational diseases;

d) Where applicable, information relating to the death:

i) The date of death ;

ii) The commune and place of death;

iii) The causes and circumstances of death;

iv) Family situation and occupation at the date of death;

2° Information concerning the compulsory health insurance bodies and, if applicable, the supplementary health insurance bodies involved in the financial coverage of the beneficiary of care and benefits:

a) Identification of the bodies ;

b) The characteristics of the reimbursement by the compulsory health insurance and, where applicable, the complementary health insurance bodies;

3° Information relating to the health, medico-social and financial care associated with each beneficiary:

a) Information relating to the benefits provided for outpatient care: nature of the procedures, goods and services, codes for medical procedures, medical devices, pharmacy, biological and medical transport procedures, date of care, date of pregnancy;

b) Information relating to services and stays carried out in health care or medico-social establishments and services, including outpatient care and emergency care, as well as the medical diagnoses associated with the description of the treatment;

c) The amount of the procedure or service, its rating or coefficient, the rate applied and the proportion covered by compulsory health insurance, any modulation or exemption from co-payment and the reason for this, as well as the date of reimbursement or payment;

d) Accounting data relating to benefits covered by compulsory health insurance;

e) The type of contract, the nature of the risks covered and information relating to cover provided by supplementary health insurance, if applicable;

4° Information relating to the health professionals and services involved in the care of the beneficiaries mentioned in I:

a) The identification number of the professional and, where applicable, the establishment to which they are attached;

b) Sex, date of birth ;

c) The profession and, if applicable, the speciality, the method of practice, the contractual status and the affiliation fund;

d) The place where the healthcare professional performed the procedure;

5° Medico-social information relating to the situation of people with disabilities sent to the Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l'autonomie as part of the information system referred to inarticle L. 247-2 of the Code de l'action sociale et des familles:

a) Data relating to the disability and care of the people concerned ;

b) Data concerning the decisions mentioned inarticle L. 241-6 of the Social Action and Family Code;

c) Data relating to the consequences of referrals made by the Commission for the Rights and Autonomy of Disabled People, particularly with regard to establishments and services likely to accommodate or support the people concerned;

6° Information relating to work stoppages and cash benefits: data relating to work stoppages, the payment of daily allowances for sickness, maternity, paternity, accidents at work and occupational diseases and the payment of invalidity pensions, annuities following an accident at work or an occupational disease or death grants.

7° Information relating to the health, social and environmental conditions, lifestyles and economic background of the persons concerned, collected in the course of preventive, diagnostic, care or medical or medico-social monitoring activities or a survey in the health field.

II - On expiry of the period stipulated in 4° of IV of Article L. 1461-1, this data is archived in accordance with Articles L. 212-2 and L. 212-3 of the French Heritage Code.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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