Subsection 1: Capital increases.

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Article L225-147-1

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I. - Articles L. 225-147 and L. 22-10-53 are not applicable, by decision of the Board of Directors or the Management Board, where the contribution in kind consists of:

1° Securities giving access to the capital referred to in Article L. 228-1 or money market instruments, within the meaning of Article 4 of Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instruments amending Council Directives 85/611/EEC and 93/6/EEC and Directive 2000/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 93/22/EC, if they have been valued at the weighted average price at which they have been traded on one or more regulated markets during the three months preceding the date of the effective completion of the contribution ;

2° Assets other than the transferable securities or money market instruments referred to in 1° if, in the six months prior to the effective date of contribution, these assets have already been valued at fair value by a contribution auditor under the conditions defined in Article L. 225-147.

II. - The contribution in kind is subject to a revaluation under the conditions mentioned in the first two paragraphs of article L. 225-147, at the initiative and under the responsibility of the Board of Directors or the Management Board, when:

1° In the case provided for in 1° of I of this article, the price has been affected by exceptional circumstances that may significantly change the value of the asset at the date of effective completion of the contribution;

2° In the case provided for in 2° of the same I, new circumstances have significantly changed the fair value of the asset at the date of effective completion of the contribution. In the absence of such a revaluation, one or more shareholders representing at least 5% of the capital on the date of the decision to increase the capital or a shareholders' association meeting the conditions set out in Article L. 22-10-44 have the option of requesting a valuation by a contributions auditor under the conditions mentioned in the first two paragraphs of Article L. 225-147.

III. - The information relating to the contributions in kind referred to in 1° and 2° of I shall be brought to the attention of the shareholders under conditions defined by decree in the Conseil d'Etat.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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